2005 Campaign Finance Disclosure

Background

In December 2004, the Ohio General Assembly held a special session devoted to campaign finance reform. House Bill 1 (HB 1) of this special session was somewhat contentious because it quadrupled campaign finance limits for individual donors. However, HB 1 included some marked improvements in campaign finance disclosure and a specific requirement to clarify the economic interests of individual contributors
    Requires, on a statement of contributions received, any campaign committee of a statewide candidate, any campaign committee of a candidate for the office of member of the General Assembly, and any political action committee, legislative campaign fund, or political party that is required to file campaign finance statements electronically, which received a contribution from an individual that exceeds $100 to identify the name of the individual's employer and, if self employed, the name of the individual's business, in any (Ohio Revised Code section 3517.10(B)(4)(b)(ii)).


In 2005, many statewide candidates failed to meet even the most basic identification requirements. The following candidates failed to identify less than 65% of the required economic information of individual donors: Bryan Flannery, Marc Dann, Tim Grendell and Barbara Sykes. This can be contrasted with the candidates who identified more than 90% of the economic interests of individual contributors: Betty Montgomery, Jennette Bradley and Mary Taylor.


Candidate Running for Party 2005 Disclosure Grade
Bryan Flannery Governor Democrat
F
Ted Strickland Governor Democrat
C+
J. Kenneth Blackwell Governor Republican
B
Jim Petro Governor Republican
B
Marc Dann Attorney General Democrat
F
Chandra Subodh Attorney General Democrat
B+
Betty Montgomery Attorney General Republican
A
Tim Grendell Attorney General Republican
F
Richard Cordray Treasurer Democrat
B
Hugh Quill Treasurer Democrat
B+
Jennette Bradley Treasurer Republican
A+
Barbara Sykes Auditor Democrat
F
Mary Taylor Auditor Republican
A
Jennifer Brunner Secretary of State Democrat
D
Greg Hartmann Secretary of State Republican
B+


Disclosure of Contributions of $10,000*
Candidate # of Contributions of $10,000 # of Unidentified Contributions of $10,000
Ted Strickland
74
19
J. Kenneth Blackwell
62
11
Betty Montgomery
23
1
Jim Petro
18
6
Greg Hartmann
10
2
Tim Grendell
8
6
Subodh Chandra
6
0
Richard Cordray
5
1
Mary Taylor
2
0
Bryan Flannery
2
2
*Candidates not included in this chart did not receive any contributions of $10,000.


Total Disclosure Breakdown
Candidate Total # of ContributionsOver $100 Total amount of funds that require identification Total # of blanks or "best efforts" Total # of general id's* Total amount unidentified Percentage of funds identified Grade
Blackwell
1664
$2,051,077.98
145
180
$339,386
83.5%
B
Bradley
496
$287,469
1
7
$3,450
98.8%
A+
Brunner
107
$58,840
0
47
$18,000
69.4%
D
Chandra
363
$265,995
67
4
$33,317
87.5%
B+
Cordray
303
$227,657
16
40
$40,457
82.2%
B
Dann
230
$164,635
1
120
$82,255
50.0%
F
Flannery
51
$53,950
10
32
$48,700
8.9%
F
Grendell
112
$151,950
0
70
$103,000
32.2%
F
Hartmann
301
$380,725
12
37
$43,550
88.6%
B+
Montgomery
1334
$1,188,013
3
86
$74,419
93.7%
A
Petro
2204
$1,718,337
64
219
$307,005
82.1%
B
Strickland
2036
$2,289,431
330
4
$434,985
81.0%
B
Sykes
2
$350
0
1
$200
42.9%
F
Taylor
318
$240,974
3
19
$17,370
92.8%
A
*Examples of general IDs include: attorney, business owner, consultant, etc.

No gubernatorial candidate received a grade higher than a B. Bryan Flannery received the lowest overall grade due to his disclosure of only 8.9% of the sources of funds that require identification. Both Republican gubernatorial candidates received higher grades than either democratic candidate. Republican State Treasurer candidate Jennette Bradley received the highest grade of 98.8%. Both Dann and Brunner updated their disclosure of employers based on preliminary results of this study.


___
Statewide Race Average Grade
Attorney General
77.1%
State Auditor
67.9%
State Treasurer
81.2%
Secretary of State
79.0%
Governor
63.9%
Average for all Republican Candidates
86.0%
Average for all Democratic Candidates
60.3%


Both Republican and Democratic candidates running in the State Treasurers race received the highest overall grade (81.2%). Candidates running for Governor received the lowest grade (63.9%) but this is due Flannery's surprisingly low grade.







Recommendations
During 2006, candidates should disclose a minimum of 95% of the required economic information so that voters can "follow the money." It is not unreasonable to ask candidates to follow the law. Good disclosure is the first step in rooting out problems in the system. It is nearly impossible to get a picture of the flow of contributions to candidates if they do not properly disclose.


2005 Contributions to Candidates for Statewide Office
Candidate Running for Party Total
Marc Dann Attorney General Democrat
$287,456
Chandra Subodh Attorney General Democrat
$302,316
Betty Montgomery Attorney General Republican
$1,549,726
Tim Grendell Attorney General Republican
$200,711
Richard Cordray Treasurer Democrat
$344,006
Jennette Bradley Treasurer Republican
$366,656
Barbara Sykes Auditor Democrat
$16,750
Mary Taylor Auditor Republican
$340,557
Jennifer Brunner Secretary of State Democrat
$106,081
Greg Hartmann Secretary of State Republican
$408,535


Methodology
Analysis of Campaign Finance Reports

The Ohio Citizen Action Education Fund analyzed 2005 contributions (2005 Midyear Filing and the 2005 Annual Report) to gubernatorial candidates. Totals include contributions from political action committees (PACs), labor unions, political party and candidate committees and individuals.

The database is based on the filings of the gubernatorial candidates, available in computerized form from the Ohio Secretary of State. These filings were submitted electronically by the candidate committees to the Secretary of State and are available on-line at www.state.oh.us/sos/.


To identify the employers or the organizational affiliations of contributors, the Ohio Citizen Action Education Fund did searches on the Internet and used the following databases:
  • A database of attorneys in Ohio from the Ohio Supreme Court
  • A list of lobbyists in Ohio from the Joint Legislative Ethics Commission
  • A database of registered real estate agents
  • A list of Ohio Political Action Committees (PACs) from the Ohio Secretary of State
For each candidate the total amount in this database includes the following:
  • Contributions received
  • Contributions received at a social or fundraising event
  • In-kind contributions received
  • Contributions that the candidate gave to his/her own campaign
The campaign finance profiles do not include "Statement of Other Income," which includes interest, refunds, loans, returns, and other non-contribution income. Contribution totals are rounded up.

It should be noted that a check from Christine Schulman to Ted Strickland's campaign on July 14, 2005 was returned because the check was written on an account that was closed. He did receive a contribution of $10,000 that cleared from Schulman on July 27, 2005.

Disclosure
The Ohio Citizen Action Education Fund analyzed the 2005 contributions to candidates for statewide office. This information was obtained in electronic format from the office of the Ohio Secretary of State. The analysis of the disclosure of employer/name of business is based solely on the information provided in the employer/name of business field.

Our grades are based on the total dollar amount, rather than the number of contributions. Grades were calculated by dividing the total dollar amount of contributions identified by the total dollar amount of contributions that were required by law to be identified.

Here is an example of how each grade was calculated:

Candidate A identified $2,296,109.10 of applicable employer/name of business contributions and $2,347,184.10 should have been identified.

$2,296,109.10/ $2,247,184.10 = 97.82%

Before releasing this report, the Ohio Citizen Action Education Fund sent a letter to each of the candidates explaining each candidate's grades. Two candidates reported filing amended reports based on this study: Jennifer Brunner and Marc Dann.

For each candidate, the total amount examined includes the following:
  • Contributions received
  • Contributions received at a social or fund-raising event
  • In-kind contributions received
We did not include "Statements of Other Income," which includes interest, refunds, returns, and other non-contribution income.

Acknowledgements
The Ohio Citizen Action Education Fund thanks the Joyce Foundation and the George Gund Foundation for their encouragement and funding to analyze campaign contributions. The Education Funds thanks Larry Hansen, vice president of the Joyce Foundation, for his guidance.

The Ohio Citizen Action Education Fund thanks Curt Mayhew from the office of the Ohio Secretary of State for his advice and information.

Thank you to Grant Earich, Eric Lowe, Becky Rhodes and Sean Soisson for assisting with research and editing.

Catherine Turcer and Jason Danklefsen are the co-authors of this report. Turcer is the campaign reform director for the Ohio Citizen Action Education Fund. The Ohio Citizen Action Education Fund is the non-profit, research and education affiliate of Ohio Citizen Action. The Education Fund produces studies on money and politics and toxins in the environment.


For questions or comments about this study, contact Catherine Turcer, 1200 Chambers Road, #307, Columbus, Ohio 43212, (614) 487-7880, cturcer@ohiocitizen.org.